Thallus
Foliose, up to 2-3 cm, sometimes confluent with other thalli, can cover large areas, lobes 0.5-1.5 mm broad, margins with pale cilia, darker at the end
Reproduction
Apothecia: infrequent, 1-2 mm in diameter, disc black and pruinose
Soralia: numerous, greyish, slightly greenish on the edges of the lobes
Isidia: —
Risk of confusion
Anaptychia ciliaris is larger and has a fruticose thallus
Physcia leptalea has no soralia but often has apothecia
Physcia aipolia is more attached to the substrate, shows macules and lacks cilia
Substrate
On bark, sometimes on rock or artificial substrate
Occurrence
Very common, widespread in urban areas
Sensitivity to air pollution
Resistant to pollution